Gladiolus

 

Gladiolus_illyricus

The long, lovely gladiolus is the birthday flower for August. A member of the iris family, “glads” are also called sword lilies because of their sharply pointed leaves and tall stalks of flowers with pointed tips. The Latin name for Gladiolus is gladius, a clear reference to the sword-swinging gladiators of ancient Rome.

There are 255 species of gladiolus and the plants range in size from two to five feet tall with elegant trumpet-shaped blossoms that grow in a double row along the stem. You can find hybrid varieties with ruffled, wavy or frilled petals and the flowers can be found in every color.

Gladiolus is native to tropical Africa and areas around the Mediterranean and Middle East. It is believed that gladiolus plants were first brought to Europe in the early 18th century. Around the 1820s, gardeners began to seriously cultivate gladiolus and create hybrid varieties that became very popular in gardens and as cut flowers.

In floral history, gladiolus flowers have several different meanings. Because of their association with gladiators, they traditionally symbolize strength, sincerity and moral integrity. Gladiolus flowers also represent remembrance. And even though their sword-shaped leaves hark back to ancient swords and battles, Victorian romantics determined that gladiolus flowers were capable of piercing someone’s heart with their beauty, adding infatuation to the list of traditional floral meanings.

St. John’s Wort

St. John's Wort  can be used to detect another person's use of magic; in times past, it was held to the lips of accused witches to force them into confessing.

St. John’s Wort can be used to detect another person’s use of magic; in times past, it was held to the lips of accused witches to force them into confessing.

St. John’s Wort (“wort” is Middle English for “plant,” from the Old English wyrt) is one of the most powerful and commonly used of the magical herbs. Considered a “masculine” herb and associated with the sun and fire, it is used to conjure health and protection as well as strength, love, and happiness. It is also used for divination.

With the advent of Christianity, it was associated with St. John the Baptist, and was said to start blooming on his birthday, June 24 (i.e. Midsummer). On the day of his beheading (August 29), the plant was believed to bleed red oil from its leaf glands. It is to this day believed to be at it’s most potent when harvested at Midsummer, likely due to the timing of the birthday celebration of St. John the Baptist. The genus name Hypericaceae means “above an icon” in Greek, and sprigs of the plant were used on images and statuary by the ancients to drive off evil spirits.

In modern magic, St. John’s Wort is believed to be of benefit when carried on the person for courage, protection, detecting other magicians, and strengthening the will when confronted with bad situations. The leaves made into a necklace are believed to ward off sickness and tension, and to enhance endurance and will when doing battle.

For protection from lightning, fires, strong storms, and evil spirits place sprigs of St. John’s Wort in a jar and place the jar on a windowsill. Similarly, hanging bunches of the plant over every window of the house is said to protect from evil spirits and evil or demonic witchcraft. Burning St. John’s Wort as incense or in the fireplace thought to protect the home and repel unfriendly spirits, and burning is common in exorcism rituals.

Placing St. John’s Wort under the pillow of a single woman at night is said to induce dreams of her future husband.

One old Welsh custom for Midsummer was to hang a sprig of St. John’s Wort on a rafter for each family member for the night. The degree of wilting of each sprig the next morning was said to foretell how soon each individual would die, thus giving clues on the state of the health of the individual.

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